Name
| Scientific Notation
| Prefix Name
| Prefix Letter
|
Billion
| 10⁹
| giga
| G
|
Million
| 10⁶
| mega
| M
|
Thousand
| 10³
| kilo
| k
|
Hundredth
| 10⁻²
| centi
| c
|
Thousandth
| 10⁻³
| milli
| m
|
Millionth
| 10⁻⁶
| micro
| µ
|
Billionth
| 10⁻⁹
| nano
| n
|
Common Name
| Chemical Equation
|
Respiration
| C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
|
Combustion
| Hydrocarbons (CxHy) + O2 → CO2 + H2O
|
Photosynthesis
| 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2
|
Ocean acidification
| CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
|
Photochemical smog formation
| NOx + VOCs + heat + sunlight → smog
|
Stratospheric ozone depletion
| O3 + Cl → O2 + ClO
|
Common Name
| Mathematical Formula
|
Population density
| Population Area
|
Rule of 70
| 70 Percent growth rate
|
Population growth rate as a percent
| Births - Deaths Number of people x 100
|
Rate of change
| Final - Initial Final time - Initial time
|
Percent change
| Final -Initial Initial x 100
|
Net Primary Productivity (NPP)
| Gross primary productivity (GPP) - Respiration
|
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)
| GPP = Rate of photosynthesis by plants
GPP can also be expressed as:
GPP = Total solar energy captured by plants − Energy lost due to respiration by plants
|
Fuel efficiency
| Distance traveled Unit of fuel consumed
|
The 10% Rule
| The 10% rule states that roughly only 10% of energy transfers between trophic levels in a food chain, with the rest being lost as heat.
|
Dimensional Analysis
| Quantity 1 x Conversion factor Quantity 2 = Result
|
Half-Life
| t½ = ln (2) λ
|
LD50
| LD50 = Dose Weight
|