Module 30: Public lands

Public Lands
In the US, we classify public lands as 
Rangelands-open range, enables some ranching with leases 
National forests-old growth and new growth, limited forestry 
National parks-national treasures, limits on visitors, infrastructure (e.g. Denali)
National wildlife refuges-usually associated with an endangered species or transit/migration path (e.g. wolves)
Wilderness areas-no development, often noise abatement as well (think of helicopters in Waipio or Haleakala)
We have several of these here in Hawaii:
Kilauea Volcano (Madame Pele)
Haleakala ("House of the sun")
Pearl Harbor 
Pu'u Kohola (Whale Heiau)
Papa hanau moku a kea-Northwest Hawai'ian Islands NWHI
Federal lands: owned by the people, but can be leased to individuals
Screenshot 2025-01-09 at 6.38.38 AM.pngTwo ethics are in competition:
Resource conservation ethic-maximum use based on greatest good for everyone, usually preservation
Multiple use lands-designated lands for grazing, timber, minerals, leased to individuals or companies for profit
Land Management in the US:BLM: Bureau of land managementGrazing, ranching, monitors rangeland health, erosion
USFS: Us Forest ServiceManges timber harvesting, where, how, what treesOld growth vs. new growth, replanting, clear cut?Forests: clear cut vs. selective cut, FSC is a good example:
FSC: Forest stewardship council:FSC certification:
no clear cut
no damage to land
replanting
selective cutting
underbrush considerations
FSC wood-how different?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_Stewardship_Council
HUGE debate over underbrush: 
USFS (US Forest Service) believes in regular forest fires to deplete the amount of underbrush (as in nature)
See also California and Australia wildfires: drought, no regular fires, buildup of underbrush
See Yellowstone fire of 1988-result of overgrowth of underbrush
https://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/news/npr/94114095/series-overview-yellowstone-s-evolution
Screen Shot 2023-01-04 at 8.58.33 AM.png
NPS: National park serviceManages parks for recreation, multiple use ethic, preservation of timber, minerals and "natural curiosities"Also significant native peoples monuments (see above)
FWS: Fish and wildlife serviceManages fishing and hunting on all public lands
Know these:
BLM: Bureau of Land Management 
USFS: US Forest Service 
NPS: National Park Service 
FWS: Fish and Wildlife Service
NEPA: National Environmental Policy Act 1969 (why then?) 
Mandates an EIS for all development
EIS (environmental impact statements) are new standard for any project
ESA endangered species act-often brought in where development could impact ES
Urban development--------------------------Urban sprawl: 
Screenshot 2025-01-09 at 6.39.40 AM.png
Screenshot 2025-01-09 at 6.39.48 AM.pngNote impact of autos post WWII on this...
Solution: Urban Growth Boundary (UGB) ex. Portland, ORUGB (Urban Growth Boundary)-see PortlandPrevents Urban Sprawl (richer folks move to the suburbs, commute, need parking, city dies from the inside, food deserts, etc.)Portland Example of urban planning:Tom McCall Governor of Oregon, 1967-1975
Charlie Hales Mayor of Portland 2013-2017
e2: Portland-sense of place
https://elab.hpa.edu/apes/videos/e2/e2%20transport/5%20Portland-sense%20of%20place.mp4
Morgan Freeman or Brad Pitt?
What is urban sprawl and what technologies enable it?
Portland was one main shipyard producing “Liberty Ships” in WWII. What drove their economy after that?
Portland was on the path of suburban sprawl in the 1960's. What happened?
What does this have to do with “Food Deserts”? (n.b. not desserts, that's something else entirely)
1973 was a pivotal year there, what happened, driven by which group?
What was the initial reason for the mandate, and what was the final result according to Charlie Hales?
Look up Charlie Hales, what was his job after this film (2009).
How many years before his tram project was the last urban streetcar project in the US?
Explain an urban growth boundary (UGB).
Accessibility vs. mobility is the choice they made, like in Switzerland, as well as other European cities. What do you see in the video that you might also see in Europe?
What things in the video do you recognize that show a bike friendly city?
Who is the first class passenger in Portland, and how does this compare to Los Angeles or other similar city?
What is a “sustainable urban lifestyle”?
Cities in Europe have vibrant city centers, and are great cities to walk around. How is this done in Portland?
Explain "trip behavior".
How much did property values increase in the Pearl district after the trolley went in? Why? (note the amount of glass in each trolley). http://www.explorethepearl.com/
Michael Powell of Powell’s books compares buses (“tire-d” transportation) with permanent tracked transportation-what are the differences according to him?
How did he sell this idea to the property owners there? Was he right?
For what reasons would an electric tram or trolley be greener than a fossil fuel car or even a standard bus?
Portland required that every building have street level shops, and limited parking-why?
Why would people want to live along a trolley line? Why is quiet key to this?
Where in Europe do they also have aerial trams, and do you notice a trend?
How does an aerial tram like at OHSU enable different growth trends?
If the annual growth rate there is 4%, what is the doubling time in years? (Remember the rule of 70)
This film was made in 2009, so what year will the population be doubled from then?
What would be different without the tram (parking, traffic, time in car, development)?
The young mom says “we did not want to spend all that time in the car”. What is she talking about?
Explain "lifestyle migrants".
What is "gentrification"? Where else have you seen this? (hint: look up the term "landed gentry") https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentrification
What does the man mean about a "burlap future”?
What is the difference between aspiration and acquisition?
How does the concept of choice resonate with values in this country? What do you think?
Bring this home: what would you do at HPA to make it more sustainable? What about Waimea? Hawaii in general? Your home?
Migrated from Apple Server Wiki. Original page ID: j950M0