Lab 11: earth: mapping earthquakes

Part 1: Shakenet
On your humongous map of the big island, we will be calculating the epicenter of earthquakes.
Here is an example of an earthquake measured by our seismic sensors (seismographs):
quake.png
Terms:
epicenter: the place on the surface above the quake
hypocenter: the actual place under the surface where the quake occurred
P wave: primary wave, a compression wave that travels fast, and can go through liquids (more on this soon)
S wave: secondary (slower) wave, a transverse wave that cannot go through liquids
Delay: for every second between P and S waves, you are 8 km from the quake
You will also get to see a real-live quake sensor being built by Nick Winterowd from our ISR class
First, go here:https://stationview.raspberryshake.org/#/?lat=19.49605&lon=204.59525&zoom=9.706
Look at the stations, and pick one on our island
On the right, you can select 24 hour view
Look for a quake that happened recently
Notice how spaced the front (P wave) and second part (S wave) are.
Notice how far each station is from the red dot on the map that represents each quake.
Calculate the distance from each station and draw a circle around it on your big big island map
Determine the epicenter and hypocenter
Questions: 
why would the gap in Hilo be smaller than the one at HPA?
look up why it is important to know that only P waves travel through liquids
how did the seismic network on the planet show us what the core of the earth is made of?
who constructed this network and why?
what is the Richter scale, and how much stronger is a 5.0 than a 4.0 quake?
below is a report on a quake in Japan. Why are his numbers different from the normal velocities?
Download Earthquake report 12:07:2012.pdf (application/pdf, 409.5 KB)
Part 2: Find the quake!Study this map:
Screenshot 2025-09-17 at 12.43.28 PM.pngYour seismic stations are at the following locations:Oceanview 4DKona 4DWaikii SBNinole 4DElab SB
You will locate 4 actual earthquakes, some of them very large (7.0)Each station records a P wave followed a few seconds later by an S waveKnowing that for every second the S wave is slower than the P wave, the quake is 8 km awayFind the location of each quake on your huge mapClues:One of these caused a power outage all over the state, another began a huge lava flow, another was on a supposedly dormant volcano, and another may be erupting today...
one:
Oceanview 4D 5.48
Kona 4D 5.67
Waikii SB 5.23
Ninole 4D 8.4
Elab SB 7.8
two:
Oceanview 4D 11.9
Kona 4D 5.03
Waikii SB 2.7
Ninole 4D 8.83
Elab SB 2.26
three:
Oceanview 4D 7.56 
Kona 4D 9.77
Waikii SB 8.08
Ninole 4D 7.44
Elab SB 10.15
four:
Oceanview 4D  10.64
Kona 4D 7.34
Waikii SB  3.06
Ninole 4D  4.08
Elab SB  4.06
Part 3: your quakeStage a quake somewhere on the island or offshore, and calculate the number of seconds separating the P and S waves.Challenge your classmates to locate the quake with your name on it!
Local Quake!
go here: https://stationview.raspberryshake.org/#/?lat=19.60360&lon=204.04469&zoom=9.442&sta=R277A
find the stations on your map
click on each of the stations, find the quake that happened at 2:33 AM in the morning, 24.9.25
click the + key and measure the seconds between P and S waves: 
elab.png
use your awesome mapping skills to find the epicenter of the quake!
January 26,2026 quake 4.2 Pahala, depth 33 kmSurface distances:
Ninole 87 km
Kona 64 km
Waikii 75 km
Volcano 51 km
Kawaihae 96 km
elab 92 km
Pahala 4.2 quake 23:32 1.26.26
calculate speed from P-S interval, google earth
go to https://elab.hpa.edu/wiki/pages/A1F512W/Lab_10_earth_earthquakes.html  review
go to https://stationview.raspberryshake.org/#/?lat=19.67729&lon=204.30904&zoom=9.019 
look at “map filters”, choose last two days
find a new quake to study
go to each station, find the same quake
measure P-S interval
google earth: measure distance in km to quake or use shakenet
calculate seconds per km
average your super accurate results
use to locate the quakes on the elab page above
Migrated from Apple Server Wiki. Original page ID: A1F512W