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Tangent method: measure a distance from the object (huge tape measure can be useful here) measure the degrees you see in your astrolabe to the top of the object use the tangent calculator on your phone: tan = opposite (height)/adjacent (distance) you could als...

45 degree method: find your "eye height" by looking at a ruler on the wall, write this down set your astrolabe for 45°,  walk towards the object (pole, building, tree) until it shows up in your sight measure the distance to the object add your eye height to th...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_navigation Main points: An astrolabe is a device for measuring altitude of objects, or the angles of stars or planets for navigation. You can make your own using a protractor, a straw, some tape, dental floss and a rock ...

Globes 101: Screenshot 2026-02-03 at 2.33.21 PM.png start with the equator: named because it is an equal distance from each pole notice there is a 0° mark on the equator track north to see the degrees marked-these are latitudes (think of rungs on a ladder) do ...

Calculating longitude ("long lines") Screenshot 2026-02-03 at 2.52.47 PM.pngFirst we have to understand a bit about astronomy, and why there is a famous telescope at a place called Greenwich near London... on a globe, find London notice the longitude of London...

Believe it or not, you are standing on igneous rock (unless you are standing on a coral head, which is illegal). The Big island is one huge igneous rock, so pick up a piece and melt it with the sun. MAKE SURE YOU USE THE DARTH VADER HELMET OR GREEN GLASSES  Yo...

Part 1: Shakenet On your humongous map of the big island, we will be calculating the epicenter of earthquakes. Here is an example of an earthquake measured by our seismic sensors (seismographs): quake.png Terms: epicenter: the place on the surface above the qu...

Part one: trace out a map of the big island using your phone in compass mode, take a sighting of at least three peaks you can identify on your huge map. triangulate from there to your locationPart two: pick a place on your map that you need to be rescued from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahupua%CA%BBa On your huge big big island map, diagram the Ahupua'a between Waimea and Kona, including the Pelekane watershed. Make sure to label each one clearly Ask a friend from Kona to take photos of the Ahupua'a markers along...

Simulator Detecting the gas composition of a volcano is important in predicting impending eruption. There are two types of magma, based on chemical composition:  Basalt is runny, less-viscous magma that flows freely and creates the volcanoes we have in Hawaii ...

Go to geoguesser: https://www.geoguessr.com/referral-program/JDC3-E1LM-EDS1?s=pl Or openguessr here: https://openguessr.com/ Start with your home, see how close you can get Next go global: what tricks or clues do you find? Finally, focus on Hawaii, the island ...

Tsunami is a Japanese word: from Japanese: 津波, lit. 'harbor wave' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami Please read the wikipedia description for tsunami and then read below: Waves can be transverse (movement sideways, perpendicular to the direction of motion)...

Sections: Bathymetry Loihi Island chain evolution Layers Currents Salinity Temperature Pressure Part one: sonar and whales look up the speed of sound in air, water and earth look up the frequency of bat ultrasonic chirps (air), sonar (water), dolphin chirps (w...

Sections: Layers Temperature Density Composition Ionosphere-radio reflection Muons Troposphere-weather Stratosphere-flight Ozone layer Climate changePart one: layers (onion boy) look up the layers of the atmosphere where is weather located? where do planes fly...

Who cares? Ionosphere Solar radiation Solar cycles Day/night variations Reflection of radio waves: wavelengthChallenges: Look up the ionosphere: where is it? What is it made of? Why does it change from day to night? How can people on the mainland hear radio st...

Sections: Solar radiation-drives everything Radiation, conduction, convection Movement of air=weather Temperature and humidity Cloud formation Storm formation: hurricanes and tornadoes Climate change Ozone depletionPart one: purple air look up purpleair.com fi...

Sections: Where does the energy come from? Where is it all going? Heat engines: cars, steam engines, hurricanes, tornadoes Convection drives everything Radiation->conduction->convection Coriolis effect Where do hurricanes form, where do they go, and why? Where...

Using the spectroscope, look at the hydrogen spectra, looking for the 4 lines. Look these up and see how they fit into the Balmer series. Look up the doppler effect, which is usually associated with sound, like hearing a siren coming towards or away from you (...